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Math of Money

Taxes & Income Calculators

Estimate your take-home pay after federal, state, and FICA withholding, work out your federal income tax bill at 2026 rates, or convert between an annual salary and an hourly wage.

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2026 reference tables

Frequently asked questions

What taxes are taken out of my paycheck?

Typically federal income tax, Social Security and Medicare (FICA), and state or local income tax if your state has one. The Paycheck calculator breaks out each amount.

What's the difference between marginal and effective tax rate?

Your marginal rate is what you pay on your next dollar of income; your effective rate is your total tax divided by your total income, and it's almost always lower than your marginal rate.

How do I convert my salary to an hourly rate?

Divide annual salary by the number of hours actually worked per year. The Salary to Hourly calculator handles this along with different pay period conversions.

Does the paycheck calculator include state taxes?

Yes — select your state to include its income tax withholding; a handful of states have no state income tax at all, which the calculator accounts for.

What tax year's brackets does this calculator use?

These calculators use 2026 federal tax brackets and contribution limits, sourced directly from the IRS and dated on each calculator page.

Why is my take-home pay lower than my salary divided by pay periods?

Pre-tax deductions (like 401(k) contributions or health insurance) and withholding for federal, state, and FICA taxes all come out before you're paid, so take-home pay is always less than gross pay per period.